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The history of Laboratory fission-track and mineral analysis


Laboratory fission-track and mineral analysis was created after joining the Institute of the Lithosphere of Marginal Seas to Geological institute RAS (GIN RAS) in 2004. The laboratory was organized on decision of the Scientist Council (the order № 61 from 21 june 2004). Two research groups were joined to new laboratory. The first is group of mineral analysis under the leadership of Dr. V.V. LYAHOVICH. The second is group of fission-track analysis under the direction of Dr. A.V.SOLOVIEV.

 

Dr. Valeriy Vladimirovich Lyahovich

   

Dr. A.V.SOLOVIEV


Each of groups has its own history.

The group of mineral analysis. The group of mineral analysis was created and was leaded since 1954 by Dr. V.V.LYAHOVICH. Group is supply with equipment, allowing separate the main and accessory minerals from different types of rocks. The process of separation is divided on 6 stages: crushing, washing, separation by heavy liquids, electromagnetic separation, centrifugal treatment and flotation. Chosen minerals can be used for decision of geochronological, petrological, geochemical, metallogenic and stratigraphic questions.

The monomineral fraction of apatite

Foto by P.W.Reiners (Yale University)  

The monomineral fraction of sphene

Foto by P.W.Reiners (Yale University)  

The monomineral fraction of zircon

Foto by P.W.Reiners (Yale University)  

The monomineral fraction of zircon

 

The main tasks of the first group are:

1. Making the technological schemes allowing select the monomineral fractions of the main and accessory minerals from different types of rocks
2. Studying the rare elements in igneous rocks.
3. Reveal and install the indicator signs of minerals, which can be used at decision of some geological problems.

According to these tasks the group was divided on technical and scientific parts. There were Cott A.G., Pikkat-Ordynskoy A.P., Zelenko I.S., Kryukova M.G., chemist Levchenko L.S., senior laboratory assistants Golovanova L.P., Zaburdina L.K., Demina G.S., Oradovskaya T.L., Pichugina G.N., Shokorova B.N., Zaborina K.A. in the first part of the group. The equipment of it consisted of jaw and roller crashers (big and small), mechanically and disc grater, separation table - KC-30, drying closet, big craters for fission in bromoform, Goliaf's lamps, manual, roller and isodynamic electromagnets, centrifuge and flotation machines.
The scientific group consisted of mineralogists: Noneshnikova V.I., Chervinskaya A.D., Brusnicina N.V., Ivanova T.A. and senior laboratory assistants: Filatova G.P., Sergeeva V.I., Kasaeva T.A. This group studied such questions as:

- a revealing of the average contents of rare and ore elements in the main and accessory minerals.
- a discovery of average coefficients of accumulation of these elements in late generations of minerals.

All are these data were studied for the first time, comparing to them other geological data, we had possibility more validly judge:

1. About part of main magma in forming granite magma,
2. About degree of metal-bearing of the granite magma;
3. About magmatic or non-magmatic origin of granite,
4. About reality of processes of assimilation in the different composition granites forming.

Group of fission-track analysis. As a result of collaboration of our Institute with Union College (Schenectady, USA) and Yale University (New Heven, USA), begun in 1993, A.V.SOLOVIEV studied the fission-track method in 1998-2000. The Prof. J.I.GARVER (http://idol.union.edu/~garverj/garver/garver.html - Union College) and Prof. M.T.BRANDON (http://love.geology.yale.edu/~brandon/index.html - Yale University) supported the development of the fission-track laboratory in Moscow. The creation of fission-track laboratory has begun in 2000 in the Institute of the Lithosphere of Marginal Seas with support of director Dr. Nikita Alekseevich Bogdanov. Enormous assistance with buying the equipment has rendered by Prof. J.I.GARVER The microscope fitted with an automated stage and digitizing tablet was bought under financial support the National Science Foundation (Project OPP-9911910 for J.I.Garver). The investigations and development of the fission-track laboratory were supported by Russian Foundation for Basic Research (projects 98-05-64525, 02-05-64967, 05-05-64066), by program №6 of the Earth Research Branch of RAS and by Russian Science Support Foundation. The development of the laboratory was made possible in part by Award No. RG1-2568-MO-03 of the U.S. Civilian Research & Development Foundation for the Independent States of the Former Soviet Union (CRDF).
Dr. A.V.SOLOVIEV leads the group of fission-track analysis.

Fission-tracks in apatite

Foto by Prof. J.I.Garver  

 

Fission-track analysis can be used for solving the various tectonic problems.

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